Membaca kondisi mesin melalui Spark plug (Busi)

source : http://www.dansmc.com/spark_plugs/Spark_Plugs_catalog.html#1


NGK Spark Plugs pamflet (1977)

Introduction
The appearance of the firing-end of a spark plug graphically reflects the condition of an engine, the suitability of the spark plug heat rating, and whether or not the carburetor and ignition timing are properly adjusted.
This pamphlet is intended to assist you in correctly choosing your spark plugs and determining the performance condition of your engine.

Even plugs which present a good appearance such as those shown in Figures 6 ~ 24, can quite often be covered with a lead deposit which causes misfiring.
  • Wet plug firing-ends such as shown in Figures 1 ~ 2 are normally attributed to one of the following causes :
  1. Excessive choking
  2. Trouble within the ignition system
  3. Oil pumping past worn piston rings and valve guides
  • The causes of sooty plugs like those shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 are usually the result of :
  1. A plug with a too high heat rating is being used and the plug firing-end does not reach its self-cleaning temperature (above 400 ~ 450*C) due to light load conditions.
  2. Use of a too rich air-fuel mixture of richer than 8:1 ~ 10:1
  3. Trouble in the ignition system
  4. Improperly functioning cooling system resulting in excessive cooling
  • The firing-end burns illustrated in Figures 25, 26 and 27 may be a result of
  1. Too low heat rating, permitting the plug to exceed the highest limit for optimum operating temperature of over 850 ~ 1000*C due to excessively heavy load operations
  2. A too lean air fuel mixture
  3. Ignition timing too over advanced
  4. Abnormal combustion such as knocking
  5. Cooling system trouble, which causes engine overheating
  • Overheating conditions shown in Figures 28 and 29 are due to intense knocking and pre-ignition following situations identical to those in Figures 25, 26 and 27 where increased temperature of the spark plug firing-end results in melting of the electrode.



gambar 1 - Oil Fouled



gambar 2 - Oil Fouled


gambar 3 - Carbon Fouled


gambar 4 - Too Cold


gambar 5 - Too Cold


gambar 6 - Cold or Rich But OK

gambar 7 - Cold or Rich But OK

gambar 8 - Cold or Rich But OK

gambar 9 - Good

gambar 10 - Good

gambar 11 - Good

gambar 12 - Good

gambar 13 - Real Good

gambar 14 - Best

gambar 15 - Best

gambar 16 - Best

gambar 17 - Best

gambar 18 - Good

gambar 19 - Good

gambar 20 - Good

gambar 21 - Kinda Hot But OK

gambar 22 - Hot or Lean But OK (?)

gambar 23 - Hot or Lean But OK (?)

gambar 24 - Hot or Lean But OK (?)

gambar 25 - Too Hot or Lean Pre-Ignition Range

gambar 26 - Too Hot or Lean Pre-Ignition Range

gambar 27 - Too Hot or Lean Pre-Ignition Range

gambar 28 - Too Hot or Lean Pre-Ignition Range

gambar 29 - Too Hot or Lean Pre-Ignition Range

gambar 30 - original scan of the text

-- end --

related artikel :
Kode Busi

Comments

Post a Comment

most read in a week

DIY : Bikin label fungsi fuse dan relay Aerio / Next G

Image
Gambar 1 - Main Fuse Box hanya kode saja Bikin label yuk buat kasi keterangan fungsi dari Fuse dan Relay yang ada di ruang mesin karena hanya ada keterangan Ampere dari Fuse dan kode Relay saja tanpa ada keterangan jelas mengenai fungsi dan sirkuit apa yang dilindungi. Pada user manual terdapat penjelasan mengenai fungsinya tetapi tidak ada kejelasan secara lengkap untuk fungsi-fungsi relay, selain itu dengan adanya label petunjuk singkat pada ruang mesin membuat praktis bila melakukan pengecekan apalagi di kala darurat. Gambar 2 - Label Main Fuse Box - balik dan sejajarkan saja untuk baca
Read more

DIY : Test pasang Camera Mundur di Head Unit Orisinil Innova type G

Image
 gambar 1 - Camera Mundur nampak pada Fujitsu TEN bawaan Innova http://otodiy.blogspot.com Newbie masih berencana aja untuk pasang camera mundur di Grand New Kijang Innova tipe G, kebetulan ada camera copotan sebelum dipasang di mobil lain, maka newbie pingin testing dulu di Innova. Berbekal dari panduan pasang camera mundur di Innova tipe V , dan hasil browsing wiring diagram Fujitsu Ten di internet , dan hasil coba lepas Head Unit sebelumnya , maka newbie lanjutkan testing.
Read more

Socket Connector / Wiring Diagram Head Unit Fujitsu Ten

Image
 gambar 1 - Socket Connector http://otodiy.blogspot.com Masih penasaran dengan kabel untuk Camera Mundur biar bisa dipasang di Grand New Kijang Innova type G. Biarpun sudah membaca cara pasang camera mundur di Innova type V , tapi karena Head Unitnya beda tipe dengan Innova type G , biarpun sama-sama merk Fujitsu Ten, apalagi di panduan masih ragu mana Video IN plus dan groundnya, maka newbie coba browsing-browsing lagi buat nambah referensi. Dan dari google ketemu gambar-gambar berikut ini, meski kenyataannya tetap ada beda yah, but enjoy..... and do at your own risk....
Read more

Ganti steering rack Ertiga dengan merk Heiker {Muhammad Rivaldi}

Image
gambar 1 otodiy.blogspot.com #Sharing Baru ganti Racksteer assy merk Heiker. Build qualitynya oke punya nih.. bootnya bahan plastic rubber lebih kuat dan awet, casingnya semi-polished, dan kata sellernya sih untuk internal dalemnya (rack and pinion) nya udah anti karat juga jadi aman kalo kemasukan air. Saya sempet bandingin build qualitynya dengan Racksteer bawaan ertiga (merk sona) kurang lebih sama.. cuman entah kenapa rasanya si Heiker ini lebih solid qualitynya, tapi untuk cover as pinion atas saran saya pake bawaan ertiga aja karena plastic dan foam sealnya lebih bagus daripada punya heiker ini. Kalau melihat dari segi harga sih menurut saya lebih worth ini dibanding racksteer assy original (1.4 jt vs 6 jt 😂). Tapi untuk durabilitas? Well see dia tahan berapa lama.. 😁.
Read more

DIY : service maintenance air compressor / kompresor angin

Image
 gambar 1 - Kompresor angin multipro Lupa tepatnya kapan kompresor ini, rasanya sekitaran pertengahan tahun 2011. Merk-nya multipro 3/4 Hp, direct driven, harga lupa seingetku hampi 800rb-an. Kompresor ini relatif jarang dipake, dipakenya juga pas tune up mobil aja atau kalau pas butuh tiup selang mesin cuci yang buntu. Tahun 2012 kemaren udah sempet ganti oli dan banyak banget gram-gramnya. So kebetulan sabtu kemaren aku tune up sepeda motor jupiter dan tiup-tiup pake kompresor ini, sekalian aku ganti olinya deh. Step-step : 1. Buka lubang pernafasan (gambar 2) cukup diulir saja
Read more